DEFENCE

The Indian PARA Commandos, also known as the Parachute Regiment, are an elite special forces unit of the Indian Army. Renowned for their exceptional courage, physical fitness, and specialized skills, PARA Commandos are among the most highly trained and respected soldiers in the world. Becoming a PARA Commando officer is a challenging but rewarding path that requires dedication, commitment, and unwavering determination. In this article, we will provide you with an overview of the steps and qualities necessary to embark on this extraordinary journey. Step 1: Meeting the Eligibility Criteria To be eligible for a career as a PARA Commando officer, you must meet the following criteria: Nationality: You must be an Indian citizen. Age: The minimum age to apply is 19 years, while the maximum age limit is 25 years. Educational Qualifications: You should have completed your 10+2 education with Physics and Mathematics as core subjects. Marital Status: Only unmarried candidates are eligible. Step 2: Clearing the Selection Process The selection process to become a PARA Commando officer is rigorous and demanding. It consists of various stages, including: Written Examination: You need to clear the Combined Defence Services Examination (CDSE) or the National Defence Academy (NDA) examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). Physical Fitness Test: Candidates must possess exceptional physical fitness and endurance. This includes running, push-ups, sit-ups, pull-ups, and other physical activities. Medical Examination: A thorough medical examination is conducted to assess your physical and mental fitness. Excellent eyesight, hearing, and overall health are essential. Personal Interview: Shortlisted candidates will be interviewed by a board of officers who will evaluate their communication skills, leadership qualities, and overall personality. Step 3: Training at the Indian Military Academy (IMA) Upon successfully clearing the selection process, you will undergo rigorous training at the Indian Military Academy (IMA) in Dehradun. The training focuses on building physical fitness, mental resilience, leadership skills, and tactical knowledge. The training duration is approximately one year, during which you will undergo various specialized courses, including weapons training, combat tactics, survival skills, and more. Step 4: Specialized PARA Commando Training After completing the training at IMA, aspiring PARA Commando officers undergo specialized training at the Para Regimental Training Center (PRTC) in Bangalore. This phase of training involves: Basic Airborne Course: You will be trained in airborne operations, which includes parachute jumps, combat equipment handling, landing techniques, and parachute drills. Advanced Commando Course: This course focuses on advanced combat skills, including close-quarter battle, counter-terrorism operations, jungle warfare, mountain warfare, and more. Specialized Training: Depending on the nature of operations, you may receive specialized training in areas such as diving, demolitions, sniping, or advanced marksmanship. Step 5: Active Duty as a PARA Commando Officer Upon successfully completing the specialized training, you will be commissioned as a PARA Commando officer and assigned to one of the PARA Commando battalions. You will be involved in various operational assignments, both within India and abroad, which may include counter-terrorism operations, hostage rescue missions, reconnaissance, and more. Continuous training and upskilling are a crucial part of your journey as a PARA Commando officer. Conclusion: Becoming a PARA Commando officer requires immense dedication, unwavering discipline, and physical and mental resilience. The path is challenging, but the rewards are immense. If you are passionate about serving your country, possess the necessary qualities, and are ready to undergo rigorous training, then a career as a PARA Commando officer may be the perfect choice for you. Remember, the journey is not only about becoming an elite soldier but also about embracing a way of life characterized by selflessness, courage, and honor.

The Territorial Army (TA) offers an exceptional opportunity for individuals to serve their country as officers while pursuing their civilian careers. As a reservist force, the TA plays a crucial role in augmenting the regular army during times of need. Becoming a Territorial Army officer requires dedication, commitment, and a passion for serving the nation. In this article, we will outline ten essential steps to help you embark on the path to becoming a Territorial Army officer. Understand the Territorial Army: Before you start your journey, it’s crucial to have a thorough understanding of the Territorial Army’s role and responsibilities. The TA provides a reserve of well-trained individuals who can be called upon to support the regular army in various operational and peacetime roles. Familiarize yourself with the specific duties, commitments, and benefits associated with being a Territorial Army officer. Check Eligibility Criteria: To become a Territorial Army officer, you must meet specific eligibility criteria. Generally, candidates must be Indian citizens aged between 18 and 42 years, possess a graduate degree from a recognized university, and be employed in a civilian profession. Additionally, you must fulfill the physical and medical standards set by the army. Research the Application Process: The application process for becoming a Territorial Army officer involves several stages, including a written examination, an interview, and a medical examination. Obtain the latest information about the application process from official sources such as the Indian Army website or recruitment advertisements. Stay updated on any changes to the selection procedure. Prepare for the Written Examination: The written examination is a crucial step in the selection process. It tests your general awareness, reasoning ability, and comprehension skills. Dedicate time to study the prescribed syllabus, which usually includes subjects like current affairs, general knowledge, English language, and elementary mathematics. Practice previous years’ question papers and consider enrolling in coaching classes if necessary. Enhance Your Physical Fitness: Physical fitness is vital for a career in the Territorial Army. Engage in regular exercise, including cardio, strength training, and endurance activities, to improve your overall fitness levels. Prepare for the physical fitness test, which typically includes activities such as a 1.6-kilometer run, chin-ups, and push-ups. Maintain a healthy lifestyle, focusing on a balanced diet and adequate rest. Attend SSB Interview: Successful candidates in the written examination move on to the Services Selection Board (SSB) interview. The SSB interview assesses your personality, leadership qualities, and aptitude for a career in the army. Prepare for this stage by practicing group discussions, public speaking, and developing your communication skills. Be confident, show enthusiasm, and demonstrate a keen interest in the army. Complete Medical Examination: Candidates who clear the SSB interview undergo a thorough medical examination. Ensure you meet the required medical standards for vision, hearing, physical health, and mental fitness. Any pre-existing medical conditions that might hinder your performance as an officer should be disclosed during the examination. Maintain a healthy lifestyle and seek medical advice if needed. Final Merit List and Training: If you clear all the selection stages and meet the required standards, you will be included in the final merit list. Based on vacancies and your ranking, you will receive a call for training. The Territorial Army Officer Training School provides rigorous training to prepare you for the challenges of the role. Embrace the training with determination and discipline. Maintain Dual Careers: One of the unique aspects of the Territorial Army is that officers continue to pursue their civilian careers while serving as reservists. Effectively managing both professional commitments requires good time management skills and adaptability. Ensure you have the support of your employer and family to balance your responsibilities effectively. Embrace Continuous Learning: As a Territorial Army officer, continuous learning and skill development are essential. Stay updated with the latest developments in military tactics, leadership principles, and technological advancements. Participate in training exercises, workshops, and seminars offered by the army to enhance your professional growth and contribute effectively as an officer. Conclusion: Becoming a Territorial Army officer is a challenging yet rewarding endeavor. It demands commitment, dedication, and a strong sense of patriotism. By following the ten steps outlined in this article, you can embark on a fulfilling journey to serve your country while pursuing your civilian career. Embrace the process, strive for excellence, and become an invaluable asset to the Territorial Army.

The Siachen Glacier is located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas, and it is known as the highest battlefield in the world. Indian soldiers have been stationed at Siachen since 1984, when they launched Operation Meghdoot to secure the glacier. The temperatures at Siachen can drop to as low as -50 degrees Celsius (-58 degrees Fahrenheit) during winter, making it one of the most challenging environments for soldiers. The extreme weather conditions at Siachen pose a significant risk to the soldiers’ health, with frostbite, hypothermia, and high altitude sickness being common concerns. Despite the harsh conditions, Indian soldiers have been successful in holding their positions at Siachen and maintaining control over the glacier. The average elevation of the Siachen Glacier is around 5,400 meters (17,700 feet) above sea level, posing a constant risk of altitude-related illnesses. The soldiers stationed at Siachen undergo rigorous training to acclimatize themselves to the high altitude and extreme weather conditions. Due to the challenging terrain and logistical difficulties, the soldiers at Siachen face limited access to resources and have to rely on air supplies for most of their needs. Indian soldiers at Siachen use specialized clothing and equipment, including extreme cold weather clothing, special tents, and mountaineering gear, to survive in the harsh conditions. The soldiers are also equipped with advanced communication systems to maintain contact with their base camps and coordinate operations effectively. Apart from dealing with the adversities of nature, soldiers at Siachen also face the threat of avalanches, which have claimed many lives over the years. Indian soldiers at Siachen work in close coordination with the Indian Air Force, which provides essential logistical support, including airlifting supplies and personnel. The presence of Indian soldiers at Siachen serves not only a strategic purpose but also helps in protecting the region’s natural resources, such as fresh water sources. Siachen has been a disputed region between India and Pakistan, with both countries maintaining a military presence in the area. However, the 2003 ceasefire agreement between the two nations has helped reduce hostilities. The bravery and dedication of Indian soldiers at Siachen have earned them immense respect and admiration from the people of India, who consider them the “Guardians of the Glacier.”

The Parachute Regiment is an elite airborne infantry regiment of the British Army. It is also known as “The Paras” or “Airborne Forces” and has a long and storied history. Here’s everything you wanted to know about the Parachute Regiment: History: The Parachute Regiment was formed during World War II in 1942. Its primary role was to provide soldiers capable of airborne operations, such as parachute assaults and glider landings. The regiment saw extensive action during the war, including the famous airborne operations on D-Day and the Battle of Arnhem. Role and Specialization: The Parachute Regiment specializes in rapid deployment and conducting offensive operations in enemy territory. Its soldiers are trained to parachute into combat zones, seize and hold key objectives, and engage in close-quarter combat. They are known for their aggressiveness, physical fitness, and high standards of training. Selection and Training: Joining the Parachute Regiment requires passing a rigorous selection process known as the Pre-Parachute Selection (P Company). It includes physical fitness tests, marches, and an assessment of mental resilience. Those who successfully complete P Company move on to the Parachute Regiment’s basic training, which is demanding and emphasizes physical fitness, combat skills, and teamwork. Structure: The Parachute Regiment consists of several battalions, each with its own distinct history and traditions. As of my knowledge cutoff in 2021, the regiment consisted of three regular battalions: 1st Battalion (1 PARA), 2nd Battalion (2 PARA), and 3rd Battalion (3 PARA). Additionally, there is a reserve unit, 4th Battalion (4 PARA), which provides support to the regular battalions. Operations: The Parachute Regiment has been involved in numerous military operations and conflicts around the world. Some notable operations include the Falklands War, the Gulf War, the Balkans conflicts, Iraq, and Afghanistan. They have also been deployed on peacekeeping missions in various countries. Famous Units and Actions: The Parachute Regiment’s 2nd Battalion is particularly renowned for its involvement in the Battle of Goose Green during the Falklands War. The battalion’s successful assault on heavily defended Argentine positions played a crucial role in the British victory. Red Beret and Maroon Machine: The Parachute Regiment is easily recognizable by its distinctive red beret, worn by all its soldiers. The maroon-colored beret symbolizes the airborne forces. The regiment’s soldiers are often referred to as the “Maroon Machine” due to their distinctive headgear. Honors and Decorations: The Parachute Regiment has earned numerous honors and decorations for its service. These include Victoria Crosses (the highest military award for valor in the British Commonwealth), Distinguished Service Orders, Military Crosses, and other campaign medals. Airborne Forces: The Parachute Regiment is part of the larger British Army’s airborne forces, which include the Parachute Regiment, the Army Air Corps (aviation support), and the Special Forces Support Group (SFSG), which provides support to special forces operations. Ethos and Values: The Parachute Regiment prides itself on its strong ethos of professionalism, courage, and self-discipline. It emphasizes physical fitness, mental resilience, and teamwork. Its soldiers are known for their ability to operate independently and adapt to rapidly changing situations.

1. The Kirti Chakra is a prestigious gallantry award in India, presented for exceptional courage and valor in the face of the enemy. 2. It is the peacetime equivalent of the Param Vir Chakra, which is awarded for bravery in wartime. 3. The Kirti Chakra was established on 26 January 1952, and it is the second-highest peacetime gallantry award in India after the Ashoka Chakra. 4. The award is given to members of the Indian Armed Forces, including the Army, Navy, and Air Force, as well as to civilians who display outstanding bravery. 5. The Kirti Chakra is conferred by the President of India and is announced on the occasion of Republic Day every year. 6. The award consists of a circular gold medal with a central lotus flower design, surrounded by a wreath and the words “Kirti Chakra” inscribed in Hindi and English. 7. The medal is suspended from a plain purple-colored ribbon with a white stripe in the center. 8. The Kirti Chakra can be awarded posthumously, and in such cases, it is presented to the next of kin of the recipient. 9. The Kirti Chakra has precedence after the Param Vir Chakra but before the Maha Vir Chakra and the Vir Chakra. 10. The award carries a cash grant, which is currently fixed at Rs. 3,00,000 (three lakh rupees). 11. The recipients of the Kirti Chakra are also granted a monthly allowance as a pension for life. 12. The Kirti Chakra is a rare award, and it is only presented in exceptional cases where the act of bravery is considered extraordinary. 13. The Kirti Chakra can be awarded for acts of bravery in the face of the enemy, saving lives during disasters, counter-terrorism operations, and other exceptional situations. 14. The Kirti Chakra can also be awarded to civilians for displaying exceptional bravery in difficult circumstances, such as rescuing people from burning buildings or during accidents. 15. Some notable recipients of the Kirti Chakra include Major Sandeep Unnikrishnan, who was awarded posthumously for his bravery during the 2008 Mumbai attacks, and Lance Naik Mohan Nath Goswami, who was awarded posthumously for his actions during counter-terrorism operations in Jammu and Kashmir. 16. The Kirti Chakra is not limited to any specific rank or branch of the armed forces and can be awarded to personnel from any service. 17. The Kirti Chakra is considered a highly prestigious award, and its recipients are honored for their exceptional bravery and selfless service to the nation. 18. The Kirti Chakra is announced in the official gazette of the Government of India and is published in the press to recognize and honor the recipient’s gallant acts. 19. The Kirti Chakra is a symbol of national pride and serves as an inspiration to the youth of the country. 20. The Kirti Chakra is a mark of recognition for individuals who have gone above and beyond the call of duty, displaying extraordinary courage and valor in the face of adversity.

1. The Ashoka Chakra is the highest peacetime gallantry award in India. 2. It is awarded for acts of bravery or self-sacrifice in the face of the enemy. 3. The Ashoka Chakra was established on 4th January 1952, and it replaced the British colonial-era award, the King’s Police and Fire Services Medal for Gallantry. 4. The Ashoka Chakra is named after Emperor Ashoka, who was known for his philanthropy and promotion of peace. 5. The award is presented by the President of India on Republic Day, 26th January, every year. 6. The Ashoka Chakra is considered equivalent to the Param Vir Chakra, which is the highest military decoration in India for acts of valor during wartime. 7. The medal features a circular gold-plated silver disc with a central peacock, India’s national bird, in gold relief on the front. 8. The peacock symbolizes integrity and protection of the nation. 9. The words “Ashoka Chakra” are inscribed in Devanagari script on the front side of the medal. 10. On the reverse side of the medal, the state emblem and the motto of the Indian Republic, “Satyameva Jayate” (Truth Alone Triumphs), are inscribed. 11. The Ashoka Chakra is awarded to both civilians and military personnel. 12. It can be awarded posthumously to honor individuals who have made the ultimate sacrifice for the nation. 13. The award is given in recognition of acts of valor in the face of enemy action or in the line of duty. 14. The Ashoka Chakra can be awarded for acts of bravery during conflicts, counter-insurgency operations, or in protecting public order. 15. The award may also be given for acts of bravery in life-threatening situations, such as saving people from drowning, fire, or explosions. 16. The recipients of the Ashoka Chakra receive a cash prize along with the medal. 17. The medal is accompanied by a citation and a scroll signed by the President of India. 18. The Ashoka Chakra is a rare and prestigious award, and only a limited number of individuals are honored with it each year. 19. The awardees of the Ashoka Chakra become honorary members of the “Ashoka Chakra Class” of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Training Center. 20. The Ashoka Chakra serves as a symbol of national pride and recognizes the exceptional courage and sacrifice of individuals in the service of the nation.

1. The Vir Chakra is the third-highest gallantry award in India, after the Param Vir Chakra and the Maha Vir Chakra. 2. The Vir Chakra was established on 26th January 1950, and it is awarded for acts of bravery in the presence of the enemy during wartime. 3. The award can be given to members of all branches of the Indian Armed Forces, including the Army, Navy, and Air Force, as well as to civilians who have displayed exceptional bravery. 4. The Vir Chakra is made of bronze and is in the form of a circular disc, with a diameter of 1.375 inches. It has a 5-pointed star in the center and a wreath surrounding it. 5. The words “Vir Chakra” are inscribed in Hindi on the upper edge of the disc, and the recipient’s name is engraved on the lower edge. 6. The Vir Chakra is worn on the left chest, and when multiple awards are received, they are denoted by a bar or a clasp on the ribbon. 7. The Vir Chakra has precedence over other peacetime gallantry awards, such as the Ashoka Chakra and the Kirti Chakra. 8. The award is granted for acts of bravery that are not of a pre-planned nature, such as engaging in combat against the enemy, showing exceptional courage in a critical situation, or leading a successful counter-attack. 9. The Vir Chakra can be awarded posthumously, and in such cases, it is presented to the next of kin of the recipient. 10. The Vir Chakra has been awarded to individuals for their exceptional valor in various conflicts, including the Indo-Pak wars of 1947, 1965, and 1971, the Kargil War of 1999, and counter-insurgency operations. 11. Some notable recipients of the Vir Chakra include Flying Officer Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon, who was the only Air Force officer to receive the award posthumously during the Indo-Pak War of 1971, and Captain Manoj Kumar Pandey, who was awarded the Vir Chakra posthumously for his actions during the Kargil War. 12. The Vir Chakra can also be awarded to foreign nationals who have displayed exceptional bravery while serving alongside the Indian Armed Forces. 13. The Vir Chakra is presented by the President of India at a special ceremony held on Republic Day, and the award includes a monetary allowance. 14. Recipients of the Vir Chakra are authorized to use the letters “VC” as a post-nominal abbreviation. 15. The Vir Chakra serves as a symbol of the courage and selflessness displayed by individuals in the face of adversity and is a source of inspiration for future generations.

1. The Param Vir Chakra (PVC) is India’s highest military decoration for acts of valor in the face of the enemy. It is awarded for extraordinary acts of bravery and self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy. 2. The Param Vir Chakra was established on 26th January 1950, the day India became a republic. It replaced the British-era Victoria Cross as the highest military decoration for gallantry in India. 3. The PVC can be awarded to officers and enlisted personnel of all ranks of the Indian Armed Forces. It can also be awarded posthumously to recipients who have been killed in action. 4. The design of the Param Vir Chakra consists of a circular bronze medal with a centrally placed Ashoka Chakra, India’s national emblem. The words “Param Vir Chakra” are inscribed in Devanagari script both in Hindi and English. 5. The PVC has been awarded a total of 21 times to date. It has been awarded posthumously in the majority of cases. 6. The first recipient of the Param Vir Chakra was Major Somnath Sharma, who was awarded the honor posthumously for his leadership and bravery during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. 7. The PVC has been awarded in various conflicts, including the Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1947, 1965, and 1971, the Kargil War of 1999, and counter-insurgency operations. 8. The award carries with it a cash allowance and a pension. Recipients of the Param Vir Chakra are also entitled to a number of privileges and benefits, including preferential allotment of residential plots, preference in admissions to educational institutions, and free medical treatment. 9. The Param Vir Chakra is a rare and prestigious honor. It is estimated that there are around 100 living recipients of the award to date. 10. The Param Vir Chakra is awarded based on the recommendations of the three service chiefs of the Indian Armed Forces. The final decision is made by the President of India, who is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces.

In the Indian Army, the Permanent Commission (PC) refers to a career option for officers who wish to serve in the army for the entirety of their professional lives until retirement. It is a regular and long-term service in the Indian Army, as opposed to the Short Service Commission (SSC), which has a limited duration. When an officer is granted a Permanent Commission, they are offered a permanent and pensionable service in the Indian Army until their retirement age, which is typically 54 years or as specified by the Army rules and regulations. The Permanent Commission is available for various branches of the Indian Army, such as the Infantry, Artillery, Engineers, Signals, Armored Corps, Army Service Corps, and many others. To be eligible for a Permanent Commission, candidates generally need to meet specific educational qualifications, physical fitness standards, and pass the selection process conducted by the Indian Army. The selection process typically includes written exams, interviews, medical tests, and physical fitness assessments. Once an officer is granted a Permanent Commission, they have the opportunity to rise through the ranks and assume higher positions of responsibility and leadership within the Indian Army. This career option allows officers to serve the nation and contribute to the defense and security of India over an extended period of time.What is Permanent Commission in Indian Army

As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, women have indeed made significant strides in the Indian Army. However, it is important to note that there are certain positions and branches within the Indian Army where women have not yet been appointed as chiefs. At the time of my knowledge cutoff, women were not serving in combat roles in the Indian Army, and combat positions are generally considered to be the most senior and prestigious positions in the military. However, women were allowed to serve in non-combat roles such as officers in the Army Medical Corps, Army Dental Corps, Judge Advocate General Branch, and Army Education Corps, among others. It’s important to keep in mind that military organizations often have specific policies and regulations regarding the eligibility and progression of personnel. These policies are influenced by a variety of factors, including historical traditions, societal norms, and operational requirements. The Indian Army, like many other armed forces, has been gradually opening up more opportunities for women over the years, but there may still be certain positions or branches where women have not yet reached the highest ranks. Since my knowledge is not up to date, I recommend checking the latest news and updates regarding the role of women in the Indian Army to get the most accurate and current information on this matter.