Most Asked Current Affairs: 5 Important Topics of Nov 2025

Most Frequently Asked Current Affairs Topics

In a rapidly changing world, staying updated with national and international developments is essential. Whether it is new laws affecting the economy, geological activity, global cooperation platforms, or significant pillars of our culture—every piece of news helps us understand the world better.

Labour Law 2025: India’s Labour Reforms

Labour Law 2025 in India is an important step towards labour reforms. Its main objective is to simplify the country’s complex and scattered labour laws and consolidate them into four comprehensive Labour Codes. These codes are:

1. Code on Wages

2. Code on Industrial Relations

3. Code on Social Security

4. Code on Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions

Key Features and Objectives:

Simplification:
Consolidating 29 central labour laws into four labour codes to make compliance easier.

Expansion of Social Security:
For the first time, workers in the unorganised sector, gig workers and platform workers are brought under the ambit of social security.

Ease of Doing Business:
Simplified labour laws will make compliance easier for businesses, encouraging investment and job creation.

Transparency and Digitisation:
Bringing transparency to implementation and shifting most compliance processes to digital platforms.

Improved Working Environment:
Modernising provisions related to working hours, leaves and safety for women workers.

Provisions for Women Workers:

• Allowing women employees to work in night shifts with their consent.

• Institutions must ensure safety, adequate transport and other necessary facilities for women.

• The law prohibits gender discrimination and allows women to work in all occupations at par with men.

This reform aims to balance worker welfare with India’s economic competitiveness.

Important Points:

• Four Codes: Wages, Industrial Relations, Social Security and Occupational Safety.

• Target Groups: Unorganised, gig and platform workers, covered for the first time.

• Benefits: Encourages investment and ensures worker protection.

Hale Gobi Volcano, Ethiopia

The Hale Gobi Volcano is an active and significant geological structure located in Ethiopia. It lies in the Afar Triangle, a region where three tectonic plates—Nubian, Somali and Arabian—meet. This is one of the most tectonically active regions on Earth.

Important Information:

Location:
Hale Gobi is located in Ethiopia’s Afar region within the Great Rift Valley.

Geological Significance:
The region shows how the African continent is slowly splitting into two parts (plate tectonics). Activity around this volcano is direct evidence of this rifting process.

Recent Activity:
Recent tremors and ground deformation near the volcano have concerned geologists. Monitoring it is crucial to understanding tectonic activity and giving early warnings for potential eruptions.

Studying this volcano helps us understand Earth’s interior and the processes that shape continents.

Important Points:

• Location: Afar region (Great Rift Valley), Ethiopia

• Geological Importance: Junction of three tectonic plates

• Current Status: Active and under continuous monitoring

Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets (26 November 2025)

Rare-earth permanent magnets are the backbone of modern technology. These powerful magnets are made using rare-earth elements (REEs) such as Neodymium, Samarium, and Dysprosium. These elements give magnets extremely high magnetic strength despite their small size.

The date 26 November 2025 is significant due to a discovery, policy announcement (such as a new Indian policy on mining or processing rare-earths), or a major international agreement on magnet production.

Utility and Strategic Importance:

Electric Vehicles (EVs):
Crucial for creating efficient and lightweight EV motors.

Wind Turbines:
Used in renewable energy turbines.

Electronics:
Essential in smartphones, hard drives and headphones.

Defence Applications:
Important for missile guidance systems and radar.

Since only a few countries dominate their production, diversifying supply chains and achieving self-reliance has become strategically important for India and other nations.

Important Points:

• Key Elements: Neodymium, Samarium, Dysprosium

• Uses: EVs, wind energy, smartphones, defence equipment

• Strategic Need: Reduce global supply chain dependence and increase self-reliance

“Dharma Dhwaj” at Ayodhya Ram Temple

The construction and inauguration of the Ayodhya Ram Temple is a historic event in India’s cultural and religious heritage. In this context, the “Dharma Dhwaj” is a significant symbol.

Description and Importance:

Symbolism:
The Dharma Dhwaj is not just a flag; it represents the sovereignty, faith and principles of Sanatan Dharma. Its presence symbolizes the victory and revival of Hindu values.

Installation:
It is installed on the highest shikhara of the temple. The saffron/orange colour and symbols like ‘Om’ or ‘Ram’ give it deep religious meaning.

Social Impact:
For millions of devotees, it represents the end of a centuries-long struggle and a cultural renaissance. It further strengthens Ayodhya’s identity as a global pilgrimage destination.

Rituals:
Rituals associated with installing the flag are considered sacred and are performed by the chief priests at an auspicious time.

Important Points:

• Location: Highest shikhara of the Ram Temple

• Colour/Symbols: Usually saffron with ‘Om’ or ‘Ram’

• Meaning: Symbol of faith and religious sovereignty

IBSA – India / Brazil / South Africa

IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa) is a trilateral developmental initiative connecting three major democracies and emerging economies.

I. Why and When Was It Formed?

Formation:
IBSA Dialogue Forum was established on 6 June 2003 during a meeting of foreign ministers in Brasília (Brazil).

Reason:
Its main aim was to strengthen South-South Cooperation. These three nations united to represent developing countries more effectively on global platforms. They also share the demand for reforms in the UN Security Council and more inclusive global governance.

II. Objectives:

IBSA works on three pillars:

1. Political Coordination:
   Creating consensus on global and regional issues and presenting a shared viewpoint.

2. Sectoral Cooperation:
   Enhancing cooperation in trade, agriculture, culture, defence, education and health.

3. IBSA Fund for Poverty and Hunger Alleviation:
   A unique initiative where the three countries fund development projects in other developing nations (especially LDCs). It is a major model of cooperation.

IBSA sees itself as a bridge-building group in forums like the G20, BRICS, and the UN, connecting developed and developing worlds.

Important Points:

• Formation Date: 6 June 2003 (Brasília)

• Members: India, Brazil, South Africa

• Core Philosophy: Strengthening South-South cooperation and global governance reforms

Conclusion

As we have seen, November 2025 witnessed several important national and international developments. The simplification of 29 laws under Labour Law 2025 and allowing women to work night shifts with safety measures highlight India’s economic and social progress.

Meanwhile, growing global dependence on rare-earth magnets and enhanced South-South cooperation through IBSA show that geopolitics today is driven by technology and alliances. On the cultural front, the Dharma Dhwaj at the Ayodhya Ram Temple marks a new chapter of faith for millions, while the activity at Ethiopia’s Hale Gobi Volcano reminds us of Earth’s ongoing tectonic forces.

Together, these events highlight a dynamic and interconnected world. Accurate information and awareness help us adapt to these changes and build better policies for the future.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)